会誌『考古学研究』

CONTENTS

Vol.68　No.3（271）, December 2021

LECTURE DELIVERED AT THE 67th GENERAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY

• Resources, irrigation, agriculture and political integration: The case of Liangzhu culture in China
• NAKAMURA Shin-ichi
  Abstract: The Liangzhu Archaeological Site Complex in Zhejiang Province, which is a type site for the Liangzhu culture, was the largest city in the world in the first half of the 3rd millennium BC, and various resources such as rice were gathered there from distant regions. Isotopic analyses of scattered human bones abandoned in moats and canals also revealed that there were migrants from remote areas. From these facts, it is considered that Liangzhu city functioned as a means of collecting people and resources. It was the founding of a new religion that made this possible. The “god-beast insignia” engraved on jade is a copy of the image of the god and functioned as Miranda. Supporting this was a myth that justified the legitimacy of domination as Credenda. With the creation of both, the Liangzhu kingship achieved political integration.

  Keywords: Liangzhu Archaeological Site Complex; urbanization; palace; large-scale irrigation facility; agricultural intensification

PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE 67th ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY: What is power?: The relationship between group and infrastructure, Part 2

• Power and authority of influential persons in hunter-gatherer societies: A case study in Hokkaido
• TAKASE Katsunori
  Abstract: This paper aims to clarify the character of influential persons and their role in prehistoric society in Hokkaido. Archaeology has revealed that people in this region have depended highly on marine resources for at least the past 7,000 years, and some archaeologists have regarded the acquisition of large game fish and pinnipeds as triggers for the stratification of society. Thus, this study also examines if there was a close relationship between subsistence activities and status building. As a result of this analysis, the most important persons in the Late and Final Jomon period (ca. 4500 cal BP-2400 cal BP) were the executors of rituals, yet they were not interested in accumulating wealth or controlling the behavior of community members. In contrast, the social status of successful hunters and fishers rapidly increased in the Early Epi-Jomon (ca. 2400 cal BP), and they began to control a wide cross-section of society, such as rituals, long-distance trade, and the production of exports. Thus, catching marine resources was closely related to gaining prestige in the Early Epi-Jomon, while it was not necessarily related to power in the later Jomon Culture.

  Keywords: Jomon Culture; Epi-Jomon Culture; resource use; influential persons
• Water management and local power: A case study of Izumo from the fifth to seventh centuries
• IKEBUCHI Shun’ichi
  Abstract: Centered on archaeological data and invoking documentary sources and knowledge of historical geography, the current contribution clarifies the nature of water management in Izumo from the fifth to seventh centuries and examines the type of power structure by which water was managed through an analysis of waterside ritual sites. As a result, it is argued that the region’s water management was developed under a multi-layered power structure, and it is possible that even in cases when local chieftains led the development, the Yamato polity had some measure of involvement, through which a sense of allegiance to the central polity was formed; it is also suggested that the central polity especially advanced its regional control through a process of redevelopment of local society. However, the sense of allegiance to the central polity on the part of regional society differed greatly between the fifth and the sixth/seventh centuries because of differences in the central polity’s involvement, etc. This history of multi-layered land development in each stage of the Kofun period is thought to have been the background from which a diverse system of regional control emerged, including miyake (lands directly managed by the central government) and kuni no miyatsuko (local chieftains governing territories under the central government’s jurisdiction).

  Keywords: Water development; Yamato polity; regional chieftains; stakeholding principle; redevelopment

ARTICLES

• The development of hooked bronze bracelet (yūkō dōkushiro) production
• KIKUCHI Nozomu
  Abstract: Yūkō dōkushiro are bronze bracelets with a single comma-shaped hook or spike projecting from the outer surface of the ring. After emerging in the northern Kyushu region in imitation of perforated shell bracelets, they developed across a wide expanse from Kyushu to the Kantō region while gradually expressing regional characteristics. These widely distributed hooked bronze bracelets are instructive when considering the development process of small bronze implement production in the Yayoi period. However, our understanding of their typological changes and regionality remains insufficient. Aiming to elucidate the mechanisms behind the diffusion of their manufacturing technology and the expression of their regionality, the author conducted a typological classification of these bronze bracelets and made inferences about the transitions of the various types and their relations of derivation. In particular, the current paper’s research methodology is characterized by a classification of attributes keeping in mind the act of polishing and the position of this polishing within the manufacturing process, which until now has gone largely unnoticed and underutilized, and a typological analysis based on a multi-attribute analytic approach that allows for inferring the direction of change. From this analysis, it has become clear that imitative production of items manufactured in other regions and a diffusion of technology to distant regions beyond the simple spread to directly neighboring areas was behind the broad diffusion, multilineal development, and expression of regionality of hooked bronze bracelets. Additionally, the widespread development of these bronze bracelets reflects the various motivations behind the production of bronze implements during this time, and it is conjectured that this development was possibly achieved through the interrelation of non-uniform trends of production.

  Keywords: Yayoi period; bronze bracelets; production technology; diffusion of technology; regional characteristics
• Chronology and manufacturing technology of pottery in the San’in region during the initial Kofun period
• SHIKITA Hiroshi
  Abstract: The pottery of the San’in region in the initial Kofun period, which has been suggested as influencing the development of the Furu-style pottery of the Kinai region, holds an extremely vital position for considering the nature of ceramic production during this period. In order to prepare a basic framework to consider the exchange of pottery production across a broad region, the current contribution organized the ceramic chronology of the San’in region for the initial Kofun period and investigated the transformation process of manufacturing technology. As a result of constructing a chronology based on typological classification and the sorting of assemblages, an eight-part subdivision from the San’in Pre-I to San’in VII phases was created. While this is not a finer subdivision in comparison with extant chronologies, a number of unresolved issues were settled and it was possible to devise a more refined chronology. It was also shown that the rim diameter of pedestaled dishes could serve as a chronological index. From an examination of manufacturing technology, a change was clarified from Late Yayoi period-like to Early Kofun period-like manufacturing technology, with the San’in I phase as a transitional period. Taking Late Yayoi period-like manufacturing technology as its base, Early Kofun period-like manufacturing technology was established while incorporating a number of manufacturing techniques, and the possibility was suggested that on those occasions influence was received from the southern Kibi region. Also, it is thought that from the perspective of manufacturing technology, influence from the Kinai region was not as great as has been previously stated. Finally, it is concluded that the Early Kofun period-like manufacturing technology of this region continued almost without change from the San’in I phase through the San’in VII phase.

  Keywords: Initial Kofun period; San’in region; pottery; chronology; manufacturing technology

REPORTS, NEWS AND APPEALS

• On the preservation of the former naval “great shrine” base site group (Izumo city, Shimane prefecture)
• DEHARA Keizo
• Ten years since the Great East Japan Earthquake: Have we changed? (Part 3)
  

The current state of cultural-property rescue projects and prospects for the future
KOHDZUMA Yohsei
Protecting ancient documents and archival materials: Lessons from rescue activities in Miyagi prefecture
SATO Daisuke
The use of technology in reconstruction excavations following the Great East Japan Earthquake
KANEDA Akihiro
The development of the Historical Disaster Evidence Database and its effectiveness
MURATA Taisuke
Looking back on this serialization
OKAMURA Katsuyuki

BOOK REVIEWS

• KATO Ichiro. The archaeology of Wa kingship: Social change seen through kofun artifacts
• HAYASHI Masanori
• Binford, L. R. (Ueki, T., Kosugi, Y., Tsuruta, N., Uchiyama, T., Takakura, J. & Kosugi, N., Trans.) In pursuit of the past: Decoding the archaeological record (1983)
• ONO Akira

NEW BOOKS

• TSURUMI Yasutoshi. The archaeology of Tōdaiji: Bringing the great temple of the Tenpyō era to life
• NAKAGAWA Fumi
• IMASATO Ikuji (HARUNARI Hideji, Ed.). Research on ancient roof tiles in Harima, Vol. 2
• MORIOKA Hideto

ARCHEO-FOCUS

• Excavation of the Kohijiri site in Jōyō city, Kyoto prefecture
• Kyoto Prefecture Research Center for Archaeological Properties
• The Suematsu temple ruins (national historic site), Nonoichi city, Ishikawa prefecture
• Nonoichi City Board of Education

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