会誌『考古学研究』

CONTENTS

Vol.69　No.4（276）, March 2023

SOCIETY NEWS

ABSTRACTS OF LECTURE AND PAPERS TO BE PRESENTED AT THE 69th ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY: THE MEANING OF THE INHERITING AND TRANSITIONING OF THINGS

• THEME
• The meaning of the inheriting and transitioning of things: Considering spheres of distribution
• MIYAZATO Osamu
• LECTURE
• The creation and development of widely distributed pottery types in the Yayoi period
• ISHIKAWA Hideshi
• PAPERS
• The nature and background of the widespread distribution of microblade assemblages
• TAKAKURA Jun
• The nature and background of the widespread distribution of pottery during the Late Jōmon period: A consideration of the middle phase of the Late Jōmon period
• FUKUNAGA Masahiro
• The formation process of sue ware distribution spheres and interconnection seen in typological change during the Kofun period
• MATSUNAGA Yoshie
• The spread and acceptance of bone and antler fishing implements
• TAKAHASHI Ken

ARTICLES

• A proposed method to identify the source area of lithic raw materials on the basis of the visible characteristics of bedded chert
• TAKAGI Yasuhiro
  Abstract: Bedded chert is the constituent rock of Jurassic accretionary complexes in the Japanese Islands and its lithic raw materials were frequently used by prehistoric toolmakers. However, a method to determine the original geographic sources of the lithic materials has not been established. This is because the visual and geochemical variations in slabs of bedded chert have not been investigated in detail and the properties useful for differentiating the sources are not clear. The aim of this study is to propose an effective method for sourcing the lithic materials on the basis of the visible, especially macroscopic, properties and to prepare for the future introduction of geochemical methods.
  　This study focuses on chert artifacts of the Jōmon site of Torihama in the Reinan region of Fukui Prefecture. This region belongs geotectonically to the northern part of the Tamba Terrane, the Jurassic accretionary complex of the Inner Zone of Southwest Japan. Chert samples were collected throughout the region to comprehend the full range of visible and spatial variability of bedded chert. By observing the fracture surfaces of the samples and artifacts with the naked eye, three properties were characterized: the density of veins, the grain size of quartz, and the color.
  　The thorough sampling revealed that the values of the properties were diverse and distributed geographically unevenly and that slabs of bedded chert with small values of the former two properties had a limited distribution. The analysis of the artifacts proves that the Jōmon people selectively procured the chert gravels that originated from the limited slabs.
  　In the source analysis of lithic artifacts made of bedded chert of the Jurassic accretionary complexes in Japan, it will be effective to classify chert samples and artifacts into five types by characterizing the density of veins and the grain size of quartz and to compare samples and artifacts with the same Munsell colors.

  Keywords: bedded chert; Jurassic accretionary complex; lithic raw material; sourcing; Jōmon period
• On the use of combs in the Kofun period
• OHKUMA Hisataka
  Abstract: It is inferred from human-shaped haniwa figurines showing the customs of the day that women of the Kofun period wore combs on their heads in order to hold their hair in place. But while there is variation in the form of combs depicted in human haniwa, their relations with actual combs is rarely discussed. Accordingly, the types of comb worn in the hair by women of the time were identified by a comparative examination of combs recovered from archaeological sites and those depicted in haniwa. In addition, based on an analysis of the size standards for short-toothed combs (yokogushi), observations were made on the manner of the use of combs. As a result, it has become clear that while long-toothed combs (tategushi) were worn in the hair until around the latter half of the six century, short-toothed combs began to be worn from about the second half of the fifth century in western Japan and from around the latter half of the sixth century in the Kantō region; additionally, from the seventh century on long-toothed combs were replaced by short-toothed combs as the main style. Furthermore, the custom of wearing short-toothed rather than long-toothed combs was a prerogative of higher ranking women.

  Keywords: Kofun period; combs; human-shaped haniwa; hairstyles
• Settlements surrounding large-scale Middle Kofun keyhole tombs and regional development: From an analysis of the Ai River basin of Settsu
• SASAGURI Taku
  Abstract: In this paper, the author attempts to clarify the background of the construction of colossal mounded tombs (kofun) from an analysis of settlement structure and land development, focusing on the Ai River basin and its environs where Ōda-chausuyama, the largest tomb in the ancient province of Settsu, is located. Regarding the Ai, Sōjiji, and Mizokui sites, which were major settlements of the Middle Kofun period, after reconstructing the topographic environment and settlement structure, the author examined the structure of buildings and composition of ceramic assemblages of each settlement. As a result, it became clear that while the Mizokui site was a traditional settlement that served as point of access for trade for the entire basin, Ai and Sōjiji were newly developed settlements populated mainly by recent arrivals including groups of immigrant origin. Furthermore, from analysis of the trends of settlements and mounded tombs, the author suggested two major periods of change: In the first third of the Middle Kofun period, new development-type settlements emerged in the Ai River basin; and in the last third of the period, the sphere of development expanded from the core of the Ai River basin to the surrounding area. For the period, the start of the Middle Kofun period can be regarded as a particularly important point of transition spurred by external influence. From the gradual expansion of developed zones to higher locations, the development of this area can be assessed as highly strategic, and it further became clear that the progress of regional development and the construction of large and small tombs were linked. As background to the progression of development in this region, from the inherent attributes of tombs such as Ōda-chausuyama and Imashirozuka, and from the entry in the Nihon shoki regarding the miyake (royal estate) at Takafu, direct involvement of the central polity can be inferred. Also, from similarities with examples from around the Furuichi tomb group and from other regions, the author suggests that the results of his analysis can contribute to the creation of a general model of regional development in the Middle Kofun period.

  Keywords: settlements; land development; topographic environment; land utilization; social groups

RESEARCH NOTES

• Differing perspectives in the research on the end of dowel-impressed pottery production
• MORIYA Toyohito
  Abstract: The purpose of this research note is to present the different perspectives found in the latest research concerning the end of dowel-impressed pottery. The author concludes that during the Initial Jōmon period, when the dowel-impressed technique came to an end, the methods used in its creation were distributed across sites from the Chūbu to the Kyūshū regions, while sites featuring incised-line pottery were distributed across the Kantō and Tōhoku regions. Data from a growing number of excavated sites have resulted in two perspectives concerning the chronology and traditions during the period of dowel-impressed pottery. Resolving the discrepancies that exist between these two differing views is a crucial first step in improving the research of this period.

  Keywords: dowel-impressed pottery; Initial Jōmon culture; principal regions; research history; research issues

REPORTS, NEWS AND APPEALS

• On the nature of the Science Council of Japan
• Standing Committee of the Society
• Report on the Science Council of Japan symposium “Does cultural heritage protection have a future? Considering the future of Japanese cultural property”
• TAKATA Ken-ichi
• Results of the survey on the state of employment of buried cultural heritage personnel (continued report)
• Planning and General Affairs committees of the standing committee
• Report of attendance at the observation of the Gobyōno tomb and outer embankment of the Shibutani-mukōyama tomb and the limited disclosure of the Eifukujikita tomb
• NAKAKUBO Tatsuo
• Modern society and archaeology (Part 3)
  

New technology seen from an archaeological perspective
MORIMOTO Mikihiko

BOOK REVIEWS

• UEDA Naoya. The mortuary order and political power in the Kofun period
• KITAYAMA Mineo
• Miyoshi City Board of Education (ed.). Historic site Teramachi-haiji (Overview report on the 1st-8th excavations of the proposed location of Mitani temple)
• SEO Shusou

NEW BOOKS

• MORISAKI Kazuki. The human ecology of Palaeolithic society
• MIYOSHI Motoki

ARCHEO-FOCUS

• The Sashiki castle ruins (National Historic Site) in Ashikita town, Ashikita district, Kumamoto prefecture
• FUKAGAWA Yuji and OKADERA Ryo
• Excavation of the Kōmorizuka mounded tomb in Sōja city, Okayama prefecture
• Okayama Prefectural Ancient Kibi Cultural Properties Center

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